Microcirculation, Heart Disease, and Blood Volume


I.  Types of Blood Vessels and Heart Disease
	A.  Arteries
		1.  A Triple Tunic
		2.  Presence of Stretch Receptors
		3.  Elastic Recoil Assists Heart Pump
		4.  Arterioles and Metarterioles
	B.  Capillaries
		1.  Precapillary Sphincters
		2.  Neural and Hormonal Control
		3.  Rapid Exchange Gases, Nutrients, Wastes
	C.  Veins
		1.  Thin, Less Muscular, No Tunics
		2.  "Back Wash" Valves
		3.  Assistance by Skeletal Muscles
	D.  Coordination of the Heart with Vessel Properties

II.  Classes of Heart and Vessel Disease
	A.  Artherosclerosis
		1.  Plaque Buildup is Age Dependent
		2.  Two Major Forms of Cholesterol
			a.  LDL
				1.  Crystalization During Plaque Development
			b.  HDL
				1.  Inversely Proportional to CHD	
				2.  How to Increase Your HDL
	B.  Ischemia
		1.  Myocardial Damage is Dependent on Location of Occulsion
		2.  Angina Pectoris
		3.  Myocardial Infarction (MI)
		4.  Target of Nitroglycerine
	C.  Thrombosis
		1.  Causes of Thrombosis / Embolism
		2.  Results
			a.  Cerebral Infarction (CI)
			b.  Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)
		3.  Treatments
			a.  Bipass Surgery
			b.  Angioplasty
			c.  EDTA Ca Chelators

III.  Regulation of Blood Pressure and Volumes
	A.  Baroreceptor Response
	B.  Vascular Resistance and Radius of the Vessel
	C.  Clinical Implications of Blood Flow
		1.  Turbulence:  Functional Cardiac Murmur
		2.  Hemocrit Ratios:  Detection of Anemia
		3.  Dissecting Aneurysms
	D.  Measuring Blood Pressure
		1.  Ausculatory Methods:  Sphygmomanometer
		2.  Detection of the Sounds Of Korotkoff
		3.  Calculations
			a.  blood pressure:  systolic/diastolic
			b.  cardiac output
			c.  peripheral resistance
			d.  mean arterial pressure