Quiz
1 Answer Key
1. The Na ion channel is an example of how
molecules are transferred across the phospholipid bilayer by the process of
a. simple
diffusion
b. facilitated
transport
c. secondary
active transport
d. primary
active transport
ANSWER: b.
2. If you placed one of your cheek cells (given:
The ICF = 150 mM NaCl ) in a solution of 300 mM
glucose, and you assume neither compound could permeate the PL bilayer, through
the process of osmosis your cell would
a. crenate
b.
lyse
c. be
happy as a clam (normal cell volume)
d.
cannot determine by the
provided information
ANSWER: c.
3. The Na/K ATPase pump uses a method called
__________________ __________________
or
successive phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycles to change its configuration
and pump ions against their concentration gradients.
a. phosphatase
enzymes
b. secondary
active transport
c. molecular
peristalis
d. brownian movement
e. chemiosmotic
hypothesis
ANSWER: c.
4. T or F
All cells
have a negative resting membrane potential and thus have the capacity to
generate an action potential.
a. TRUE
b. FALSE
ANSWER: b.
5. Which of the following physiological
processes requires no ATP expenditure?
a. endocytosis
b. exocytosis
c. osmosis
d. facilitated
diffusion
e. two
of the above
ANSWER: e.
6. Which of the following organic molecules
would be classified as a protein?
a. glycogen
b. molecules
that contain free fatty acids
c. molecules
that are produced from peptide bond formations
d. steroids
e. DNA
ANSWER: c.
7. If a cell had the following ionic
concentrations and permeabilities, about at what voltage would you predict an
action potential would change polarity (peak of the action potential spike)?
HINT: You
can decide whether to use Nernst or Goldman.
PK = 10
PNa =
10,000
Assume you
are computing for my pug Jack (mammalian temperatures)
[K+]o = 40 mM
[K+]i = 365 mM
[Na+]o = 310 mM
[Na+]i = 55 mM
a. 45
mV
b. 52
mV
c. 58
mV
d. 41
mV
e. -58
mV
ANSWER: a.
8. If the resting potential of the cell in #7
was -85 mV, at what voltage would this action potential fire fully, given the
all-or-none principle? HINT: Threshold.
a. around
-64 mV
b. around
-60 mV
c. around
-66 mV
d. around
-84 mV
e. cannot
be determined with the data provided
ANSWER: c.
9. Which phase of the action potential is driven
by the underlying activity (gated open) of K channels without any contribution
of Na channel conformational changes?
a. depolarization
b. repolarization
c. hyperpolarization
d. latency
e. the
resting membrane potential
ANSWER: c.
10. Which of the following properties is
associated with the Action Potential?
a. they
are an all-or-none process
b. they
decrement in amplitude the further down the axon they travel
c. their
threshold activity is mediated by the space constant or lambda
d. they
have increased frequency when potassium channels are gated open
e. they
can fire during the ARP phase
ANSWER: a.
11. If an action potential (AP) reaches
threshold, where in the neuron will the AP “spike” be initiated?
a. the
dendrite
b. the
soma
c. the
axon hillock
d.
the synaptic terminals
e. the
sodium/potassium ATPase pump
ANSWER: c.
Quiz
2 Answer Key
1. Which of the following types of muscles are striated and voluntary?
a. skeletal
b. cardiac
c. smooth
d. b and c
e. a and b
ANSWER: a
2. A single muscle CELL is known as
a. a sarcomere
b. a myofibril
c. one actin and one myosin filament
d. a motor unit
e. a muscle fiber
ANSWER: e.
3. Which of the following muscle bands bisects the H band to anchor the thick myosin filament?
a. A band
b. Z band
c. M band
d. I band
e. A and I bands
ANSWER: c.
4. Which of the following "contractile proteins" functions as a calcium binding protein to permit or inhibit the sliding filament theory of skeletal muscle contraction?
a. actin
b. troponin
c. tropomysin
d. tropoactin
e. myosin
ANSWER: b.
5. In relation to skeletal muscle mechanics, during which phase of the twitch would the Ryanodine Receptor have its highest activity?
a. latency period
b. contraction
c. relaxation
d. summation
e. tetany
ANSWER: b.
6. During a contraction, the length of the sarcomere shortens due to a decrease in size of ALL but which band?
a. A band
b. Z band
c. H band
d. I band
e. All of the above will shorten
ANSWER: a.
7. Which of the following spinal nerves is correctly paired?
a. coccygeal - neck
b. thoracic - stomach
c. cervical - tail
d. lumbar - heart
e. sacral – pelvic
ANSWER: e.
8. T (A) or F (B)
When actin and myosin are touching in a cross bridge formation, then the lowest free energy conformation for the hinge region of myosin is at a 90 degree angle.
ANSWER: b (F)
9. If you damaged your 7th cranial nerve, you would have trouble
a. seeing your pizza
b. tasting your pizza
c. smelling your pizza
d. chewing your pizza
e. swallowing your pizza
ANSWER: b.
10. Based upon your knowledge of the 3 classifications of muscle, which of the following would maintain dimensions against applied loads, be under the control of the autonomic nervous system, and lack true sacromeres?
a. your heart
b. your thigh
c. your liver
d. your blood vessels
e. two of the above
f. none of the above
ANSWER: e.
11. What type of neurons are contained in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord?
a. afferent neurons from your hand when it is touched
b. neurons leading to your skeletal muscles, like your thigh
c. motor neurons that supply your heart and gut
d. interneurons leading to your motor cortex
e. polysynaptic connections to your exocrine glands
ANSWER: a.
EXAM 1 Answer Key:
1.e
2.c
3.a
4c.
5.e
6.e
7.d
8.e
9.b
10.c
11.d
12.d
13.b
14.c
15.c
16.d
17.c
18.d
19.c
20.a
21.c
22.b
23.c
24.b
25.1
26.a
27.d
28.e
29.d.
30.a
31.d
32.c
33.d
34.b
35.d
36.b
37.b
38.c
39.a
40.d.
41.b
42.a
43.a
44.a
45.a
46.a
47.b
48.b
49.b
50.a
Quiz 3 Answer Key
1. If blood was entering your RV too slowly, it would be attributed to a defect in which valve?
a. tricuspid
b. bicuspid
c. mitral
d. pulmonary semilunar
e. aortic semilunar
ANSWER: a.
2. If you measured your heart beat five times in six seconds, then you would be
a. normal
b. tachycardic
c. bradycardic
d. undergoing atrial flutter
e. susceptible to first degree AV block
ANSWER: c.
3. Which nerve prepares your heart for an emergency by increasing the bpm?
a. sympathetic ganglion
b. vagus
c. 10th cranial nerve
d. accelerator nerves
e. purkinje
ANSWER: a.
4. The QRS Spectrum of the EKG
a. is
when the atria repolarize
b. is when the pulmonary semilunar valve closes
c. is elevated after a heart attack or a cva
d. is when the ventricle repolarizes
e. is when the ventricles are filling with blood
ANSWER: a.
5. When blood moves from the left atria to the left ventricle
a. it passed through the pulmonary semilunar
b. the timing would be in register with the T wave
c. the blood would be deoxygenated
d. one
would hear the S1 on the phonocardiogram
ANSWER: b.
6. What is stimulated to contract by an increase in oxygen that is taken in at the baby’s first breath and is only seen as a remnant or ligament in the adult?
a. left ventricle
b. foramen ovale
c. ductus arteriosis
d. placenta
e. mitral stenosis
ANSWER: c.
7. T (A) or F (B)
Veins carry the greatest distribution of circulating blood flow.
ANSWER: a.
8. Which of the following is LACKING in the myocardial tissue for contraction?
a. slow wave potentials
b. troponin
c. both pools of calcium (from SR and ECF)
d. gap junctions
e. t tubules
ANSWER: a.
9. T (A) or F (B)
The orderly relaxation phase of the heart is called systole
ANSWER: b.
10. If an individual was taking a medication that affected the inward rectifier Na channel or the If, you could surmise that they were correcting a problem with which area of their heart?
a. the atria
b. the ventricles
c. the nodes
d. the pûrkinje fibers
e. the bundle of His
ANSWER: c.
11. If a physician was trying to hear the closure of the pulmonary semilunar they would
a. be seeking an event that is aligned with the timing of the QRS spectrum
b. be positioning the stethoscope at the left of the heart apex
c. be seeking an event that occurs at the same time as the T wave
d. be seeking an event that occurs when the atria repolarize
e. find that the RV would be in systole
ANSWER: c.