(Here you will find answer keys for homework
or quizzes as well as unedited responses on exams from your classmates)
QUIZ
1
1. The Na/K ATPase pump is an example
of how molecules are transferred across the phospholipid bilayer by the process
of
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated transport
c. secondary active transport
d. primary active transport
ANSWER: d.
2. If you placed one of your cheek
cells (given: The ICF = 120 mM NaCl ) in a solution of
300 mM glucose, and you assume neither compound could permeate the PL bilayer,
through the process of osmosis your cell would
a. crenate
b. lyse
c. be happy as a clam (normal cell volume)
d. cannot
determine by the provided information
ANSWER: a.
3. The Na/K ATPase pump uses a
method called __________________
__________________
or successive phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycles to change its
configuration and pump ions against their concentration gradients.
ANSWER: Molecular Peristalsis
4. T or F (please circle)
If a cell has an electrical disturbance of at least 25 mV, it will always
fire an action potential because of the ALL-or-NONE principle.
ANSWER: F
5. Which of the following
physiological processes requires no ATP expenditure?
a. endocytosis
b. exocytosis
c. osmosis
d. facilitated diffusion
e. two of the above
ANSWER: e.
6. Which of the following organic molecules
would be classified as a protein?
a. molecules that are formed from
dehydration reactions
b. molecules that contain free fatty acids
c. molecules that are produced from
peptide bond formations
d. steroids
e. DNA
f. glycogen
g. ketone bodies
ANSWER: c.
7. If a cell had the following
ionic concentrations and permeabilities, about at what voltage would you
predict an action potential would change polarity (peak of the action potential
spike)?
HINT: You can decide whether to use Nernst or Goldman.
PK = 10
PNa = 10,000
Assume mammalian temperature of 37 degrees.
[K+]o = 40 mM
[K+]i = 365 mM
[Na+]o = 410 mM
[Na+]i = 55 mM
Please show all calculations. Answer:
______________________________
Ena = 60/+1 log [(410)/(55)] = 52.345 mV = 52 mV
8. If the resting potential of the
cell in #7 was -85 mV, at what voltage would this action potential begin to
fire fully? HINT: Threshold.
Absolute value of -85 mV + 52 mV = 137 mV * 0.15 = 20.55 mV, 21 mV
-85 + 21 = -64 mV is the Threshold voltage at which the AP will fire
fully.
Please show all calculations. Answer:
_________________________________
9. Write one sentence describing
the importance of the phospholipid bilayer for the physiologist =
ANSWER: Many importances that you
can list!!!
10. T or F (please circle)
According to Fick’s Law of Diffusion, the diffusion rate or flux is
greatest when the molecule to be transported has a high molecular weight and has to traverse a large cross sectional
area.
ANSWER: F
11. If an action potential (AP)
reaches threshold, where in the neuron will the AP “spike” be initiated?
a. the dendrite
b. the soma
c. the axon hillock
d. the
synaptic terminals
e. the sodium/potassium ATPase pump
ANSWER: c.
ANSWER KEY TO the First Hour Exam:
1a
2c
3a
4c
5e
6e
7d
8e
9b
10c
11a
12d
13b
14b
15c
16d
17c
18d
19c
20a
21c
22b
23c
24c
25e
26a
27d
28e
29c
30a
31d
32c
33d
34b
35d
36b
37c
38c
39a
40d
41a
42a
43a
44b
45a
46b
47a
48b
49b
50a
QUIZ
2
1. Which of the
following types of muscles are striated and involuntary?
a.
skeletal
b.
cardiac
c.
smooth
d.
b and c
e.
a and b
f.
none of the above
ANSWER: b.
2. A single muscle CELL is known as
a.
a sarcomere
b.
a myofibril
c.
one
actin and one
myosin filament
d.
a
motor unit
e.
a
muscle fiber
ANSWER:
e.
3. Action potentials move perpendicular to the muscle fibers by entering the transverse tubules that are located
where along the sarcomere?
a.
A
band
b.
Z
band
c.
M band
d.
I band
e.
Z and I bands
f.
A
and I bands
ANSWER: f. (e. on your key!)
4. Which of the following “contractile proteins” functions to block the thick filament
from accessing a binding site to form a cross bridge but does not
physically bind calcium?
a.
actin
b.
troponin
c.
tropomysin
d.
tropoactin
e.
myosin
ANSWER: c.
5. In relation
to skeletal muscle
mechanics, during which
phase of the twitch would calsequestrin
have its highest activity?
a.
latency period
b.
contraction
c.
relaxation
d.
summation
e.
tetany
ANSWER: c.
6. T
or F (please circle)
The white
matter is responsible for integrating reflex
activity using polysynaptic and monosynaptic connections of afferent and efferent neurons,
respectively.
ANSWER: F
7. Which of the following does not mediate
or assist in smooth muscle
contraction of your arteries?
a.
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
b.
dense bodies
c.
troponin
d.
sarcoplasmic reticulum
e.
ALL
are helpful in smooth
muscle contraction
ANSWER: c.
8. During a skeletal muscle contraction, the length of the sarcomere
shortens due to a decrease in size of ALL but which band?
a.
A
band
b.
Z
band
c.
H
band
d.
I band
e.
All of
the above will shorten
ANSWER: a.
9. If the cross bridge cycle was in a stage where there was no calcium, the orientation of the
myosin head was at 90 degrees in relation to the tail of the molecule, and
there was ATP available, then the muscle would be in which stage of
contraction?
a.
the
actin and myosin would be touching each other
b.
it would be in the power stroke
c.
actin and myosin
would be detached and
ATP would undergo hydrolysis
d.
it
would be in a rigor mortis
locked complex
ANSWER: c.
10. Which of the
following activities is performed principally by the
somatic nervous system?
a.
beating of your heart
b.
bowel movements
c.
running up the stairs
d.
swallowing
e.
breathing
ANSWER: c.
11. Which portion of the spinal
column has emerging
spinal nerves that would innervate the chest region?
a.
thoracic
b.
lumbar
c.
cervical
d.
pelvic
e.
dorsal root ganglion
ANSWER: a.